A1C Chart: Convert A1C to Average Blood Sugar (eAG)

Your A1C is a percentage that reflects your average blood glucose over the past 2–3 months. To turn that percentage into an everyday number, use estimated average glucose (eAG). The conversion uses one formula: eAG (mg/dL) = 28.7 × A1C − 46.7. For example, an A1C of 7.0% works out to about 154 mg/dL (8.6 mmol/L). The chart below does the math for every A1C from 5.0% to 12.0%. Your personal target is set by your care team, so treat these numbers as a reference, not a goal for everyone.

What is A1C and what is eAG?

A1C (also written HbA1c) measures the share of your hemoglobin that has glucose attached to it. Because red blood cells live about three months, the test gives a longer-term picture than a single fingerstick. Estimated average glucose, or eAG, translates that percentage into the same mg/dL and mmol/L units you see on your meter, so "7%" becomes "about 154 mg/dL" — a number that is easier to relate to your daily readings. The American Diabetes Association introduced eAG specifically to bridge lab results and home monitoring.

A1C to average blood sugar conversion chart

This table applies the ADA eAG formula to each A1C value. The mg/dL column is rounded to the nearest whole number and the mmol/L column to one decimal place. Every row was calculated with 28.7 × A1C − 46.7.

Note: an A1C of 6.0% rounds to 126 mg/dL when calculated directly from the formula. Some published ADA tables list 6.0% as 126 mg/dL, matching this method. Individual targets vary — your care team sets yours.

The A1C to eAG formula (in mg/dL and mmol/L)

There is a single equation behind the whole chart:

eAG (mg/dL) = 28.7 × A1C − 46.7

To get mmol/L, divide the mg/dL result by 18 (the standard glucose conversion factor):

eAG (mmol/L) = eAG (mg/dL) ÷ 18

Worked example for an A1C of 8.0%: 28.7 × 8.0 = 229.6, minus 46.7 = 182.9, which rounds to 183 mg/dL. Dividing 183 by 18 gives about 10.2 mmol/L. You can run this for any value, but the chart above already covers the common range.

What A1C to eAG conversion does and does not tell you

eAG is an average. Two people with the same A1C can have very different day-to-day patterns — one steady, the other swinging between highs and lows — yet land on the same eAG. That is why an average alone can hide meaningful information, and why looking at your readings and your time in range alongside eAG gives a fuller picture. eAG also assumes typical red blood cell turnover; conditions such as anemia or recent blood loss can make A1C less reliable, which is one more reason to discuss your results with your doctor rather than self-interpreting them.

Track your averages with GlucoLog

Seeing eAG next to your real readings is where a log helps. GlucoLog records every entry in mg/dL or mmol/L, shows 7-day to 1-year trend charts, and displays an estimated A1C calculated from the average of the readings you have logged. That estimate works in the same direction as this chart — averaging your glucose to approximate an A1C — but it is an estimate from your entries, not a lab test, and it does not replace bloodwork. Logging with meal-context tags (fasting, before, after, bedtime) makes the pattern behind your average visible, and you can share a PDF report with your care team. For a step-by-step walkthrough, see the guide on estimated A1C in the app.

Frequently asked questions

What is an eAG of 154 mg/dL in A1C?

An eAG of about 154 mg/dL (8.6 mmol/L) corresponds to an A1C of roughly 7.0%, using the ADA formula eAG = 28.7 × A1C − 46.7. To reverse it, add 46.7 to your mg/dL value and divide by 28.7.

Is estimated average glucose the same as my meter average?

Not exactly. eAG is derived from an A1C lab result, while your meter average comes only from the moments you happened to check. They often differ, especially if you test at consistent times of day. Comparing the two with your doctor can be useful, but neither replaces the other.

What A1C is considered normal?

The ADA describes an A1C below 5.7% as normal, 5.7–6.4% as prediabetes, and 6.5% or higher (confirmed) as diabetes. These are general reference points for diagnosis and screening — the A1C target you personally aim for is set with your care team, so ask what makes sense for you.

Related reading: Estimated A1C: how it's calculated and its limits, mmol/L to mg/dL converter and formula, and normal blood sugar levels chart by age.